A Final Report
A MSU Project funded through the Discretionary Grant Program office of Citizen Exchanges, Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, United States Information Agency--Michigan State University-- 1997-1999 (E/P-97-1)
The first part of the workshop, held in the summer of 1997, focused on computer and Internet training sessions, as well as seminars arranged by H-Net and the African Studies Center at MSU. Participants spent the last week of the workshop in Washington, D.C. where they met with staff from the African Bureau, Citizens Exchange Office and other units of USIA. They also attended a seminar on democracy, public policy and capitalism through WARA at Howard University, and received training in information syst ems at the Library of Congress and visited the Smithsonian. Project Directors Mark Kornbluh and Harold Marcus, accompanied by Project Coordinator, Cheikh Babou and MSU Computer Network Director, Richard Moore visited the West African sites in Senegal, Cot e d'Ivoire, and Ghana in May 1998 to follow up with workshop participants. In West Africa, the project administrators met with a wide range of administrators, faculty, librarians, and computer specialists, and conducted local meetings in conjunction with the workshop trainees.
A second workshop was hosted at MSU, during July 1998. Held in conjunction with the first Southern African workshop entitled "Building Scholarly Networks in Southern Africa: Solving Problems in Communication through the Internet," participants did more hands-on work than they had the previous summer. Roundtable discussions on connectivity, civic education and property rights allowed participants to discuss their situations and challenges in their individual countries. Workshop participants were also able to discuss collective solutions to these challenges, and forge working relationships that would continue beyond the workshop.
This combination of specialized training and follow-up, both within the United States and West Africa, as well as the expertise of the project and workshop participants made this project very successful. There is every indication this endeavor will hav e a strong multiplier effect on the academic communities of both MSU and the three West African countries involved.
2. Workshop I (Summer 1997)
The first Internet Connectivity Project workshop was held for four weeks in 1997, June 28 through August 22. Recruitment for the workshop was two-step process. First, a pre-selection list of candidates was drawn for each targeted country. Involvement i n networks of higher education and research, demonstrated competence in the existing means of electronic connectivity, and willingness to devote ongoing effort to communication among students, and scholars in the humanities, social sciences and journalism were all important selection criteria. Emphasis was also placed on involving librarians who were in positions to play key catalytic roles in their home countries. The local West African Research Center (WARC) committees and the USIA representatives of Se negal, Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana provided their invaluable assistance in this process. Then, the list of potential participants was reviewed by staff at H-Net and MSU's African Studies Center. Eleven librarians, academics, archivists were chosen to particip ate in the workshop. (See Appendix 1 for names and brief bios.) Two individuals from Cote d'Ivoire, three from Ghana, and five from Senegal; one South African was also added to the group with monies provided by MSU.
H-Net, MSU, and WARA approached the workshop with five main goals:
Training sessions at MSU were divided equally between computer training and special classes designed to demonstrate how Internet tools can be applied to library studies and teaching. Participants also attended sessions on electronic mail management and creating e-mail discussion lists. Training on building and designing web sites was provided as well.
Individual meetings between workshop participants and MSU faculty and staff with common interests and roundtable discussions were also arranged. This allowed many opportunities for professional exchanges within specific fields and areas of expertise. L ibrarians and archivists were able to focus on preservation and archival management issues. Computer network specialists were able to take advantage of the expertise of MSU's computing center staff. Faculty and administrators affiliated with the African S tudies Center, and throughout the MSU system were able to compare research and teaching needs as well as learning from each other’s experiences. Such exchanges laid the fundamental groundwork for future collaborative endeavors on both individual and institutional levels. The workshop curriculum also included seminars on the political economy of the United States, emphasizing the themes of capitalism, democracy, the rule of law and issues of freedom of expression and intellectual property. Visits to t he State of Michigan archives, as well as other museums and libraries were also arranged.
During the last segment of the workshop, participants traveled to Washington, D.C. where they were guests of WARA. Headquartered at the Ralph Bunche International Affairs Center at Howard University, WARA provided a three-day seminar on "Democracy, Pub lic Policy, and Capitalism," as well as arranged a full day of demonstrations on the uses of computerization at the Library of Congress, National Archives II at College Park, and the Smithsonian. Workshop participants met representatives of the wide range of institutions and organizations involved in international connectivity projects including the Director of the Leland Initiative and the International Communications and Information Policy at the Department of State and a roundtable discussion with USIA staff.
An e-mail discussion list, AFR-LINK, was established at the end of the workshop as a way to ensure feedback on the first workshop and to facilitate ongoing communication among workshop participants, organizers, and presenters. AFR-LINK was also intende d as a forum where former workshop participants could continue their discussions online and engage in dialogue with participants in the upcoming 1998 workshop.
3. Visit to West Africa of MSU/H-Net Delegation (May 1998)
A delegation of representatives from MSU and H-Net followed up with the workshop participants by visiting the West African sites between May 13 and May 26, 1998. The delegation included Mark Kornbluh, Executive Director of H-Net, Harold Marcus, Profess or of African History, Richard Moore, Network Specialist at the MSU Computer Center, and Cheikh Babou, Coordinator for African Initiatives at H-Net. The purpose of this trip was to:
Senegal:
Between May 14 and May 19, the delegation visited Senegal. The visit was a
great success. Meetings were held with the Council for the Development of
Social Science Research in Africa (Codesria), the African Institute for
Democracy (IAD), the Institut N ational d'Etudes et d'Action pour le
Development de l'Education (INEADE), Goree Institute, the West African
Research Center (WARC), the Chief of Staff of the Ministry of Education
and representatives of the rector of the University Cheikh Anta Diop of
Dak ar. Each of these meetings focused on questions of collaboration and
connectivity. Exploratory discussions about the potential benefits of
increasing access to Internet resources for education, development,
democratization and civic empowerment were centr al to these meetings. IT
hardware needs for each of these institutions were identified and
discussed as were possible directions for future institutional
cooperation.
As a result of these meetings, Codesria and IAD both committed themselves to partner in cooperative ventures with MSU and H-Net. Codesria is the premier social science research organization in West Africa. They expressed a strong interest in taking adv antage of the experience and resources of H-Net for the development of online publication, enhancement of the quality of communication among its members and the training of its personnel. Further ground for collaboration was also identified between MSU an d IAD, an NGO based in Dakar which focuses its endeavors on the development and protection of democracy in West Africa. In addition to cooperating on projects to promote women's leadership and participation of women in political life, IAD also agreed to p rovide 10 days intensive Internet training to the program chairs of its women's leadership and media projects initiatives.
Further collaborative ground was laid between H-Net/MSU and INEADE. INEADE focuses its attention on research, evaluation of educational programs, production of teaching materials, training and continuing education of teachers, and conception and adapta tion of curricula for primary and secondary schools. H-Net proposed providing technical support for creation of an INEADE web site, and use of discussion networks to realize President Clinton's suggestion that primary school children in the U.S. and Afric an countries be able to communicate with each other through e-mail. Interest in such a plan was underscored in later meetings with the Ministry of Education. As a result of these meetings, INEADE and H-Net/MSU have also agreed to jointly write grant propo sals to provide funding and equipment to the center.
The delegation also met with Senegalese participants from the 1997 workshop, and the candidates for the 1998 workshop. Arrangements and facilities for future training within West Africa were also arranged. Headquartered at la Maison du Soudan in Goree Island, Goree Institute is a pan-African Public Interest Organization that provides space and facilities for training, consultancy and research for promotion of "effective but democratic states." Representatives from Goree Institute and the delegation agr eed that the Institute’s rich IT and human resources as well as a common interest in the development of civil society make the Goree Institute and H-Net ideal partners.
Further meetings with WARC addressed technical limitations and challenges confronting Senegalese researchers and schools. Emphasis in these meetings was placed on the experience of participants from the 1997 workshop, and needs assessment at their home institutions. Suggestions were collected for the 1998 workshop. WARC underscored the difficulty of access to scientific information, high cost of publishing and lack of mobility for researchers. In response, H-Net and MSU were able to offer help in insta llation of new equipment to enable students and faculty to benefit from the resources provided by the Internet and new information technologies. WARC promised minimization of installation fees claimed by their institution.
As a result of the delegation's visit to Senegal, not only were the project partners able to follow up with all of the 1997 workshop participants and select candidates for the 1998 workshops, but collaborative endeavors were planned with five key resea rch and educational institutes within Senegal. Three of these organizations, although based in Senegal, serve all of West Africa.
Ghana:
The delegation was in Ghana between May 20 and 24. Here they participated
in the Ghana computer Literacy and Distance Education Conference
(GhaCLAD). This was a unique opportunity to assess the level of
connectivity in Ghana and other internet-related projects being
implemented throughout Africa. The conference also presented an ideal
opportunity to increase awareness about MSU and H-Net's African
Connectivity Projects and related initiatives. Delegation members were
pleased to hear that the University of Ghana Legon has recently been wired
with fiber-optic cable, thanks to support from USAID. The challenge now
facing the departments and schools within the University is to make their
connections to this fiber-optic backbone. The Balm library, at Univer sity
of Ghana Legon, is also working toward using the new IT structures to help
manage their resources.
The remainder of the delegation's time in Ghana was devoted to identifying candidates for the 1998 workshop, as well as meetings with participants from the 1997 workshop. Suggestions for the upcoming workshop were collected. Delegation members also urg ed the participants to come to the workshop with projects and to encourage participants to maintain contacts with each other and to work together to disseminate the information they received in East Lansing once back home.
Cote d'Ivoire:
While in Cote d'Ivoire, between May 24 and May 28, the delegation members
were the official guests of the Ivoirian Minister of Higher Education
Research and Technological Innovation (MESRIT). In addition to meeting
with the minister and his staff, the delegation also visited the
University of Cocody, the National School for Statistics and Applied
Economics (ENSEA), the National Teacher Training School (ENS), the
National Pedagogic Institute of Vocational and Technical Training
(IPNETP), the University of Abobo Adjame, the Hophouet Boigny National
Polytechnic Institute (INP-HB) of Yamoussokro, and the University of
Bouaki. The delegation also visited the local West African Research Center
chapter. During these meetings, plans for future institutional co
operation were discussed, especially in the areas of Internet training and
IT. MESRIT's 1995 higher education reforms fit squarely with the
delegation's emphasis on increasing access to resources for civic
education.
After the visit, an official document was signed between MESRIT and MSU, establishing a formal framework for future collaboration. All parties agreed that they should focus their attention on promoting faculty and student exchange, collaborative resear ch projects, curriculum development, computer networking, and publishing. Visits with faculty and administrators from the Ecole Normale Superieure, as well as the INPHB at the University of Cocody, University of Bouake, and IPNETP allowed members of the d elegation to discuss concrete ways of collaborating. Faculty and student exchanges were central to these discussions. The entire West African faculty expressed a desire to increase connections and communications with MSU faculty in order to keep up with t he rapid evolution of knowledge in their specific fields, and to take advantage of the advanced technical and scientific equipment available at MSU. The MSU delegation promised to help build these connections. Collaborative research projects in the areas of water management, soil protection, environmental preservation, food science and machinery, and lifelong education were also identified as domains for potential cooperation with MSU. The University of Bouake shares an interest in agronomy, animal husban dry, entomology and veterinary science with MSU, and all parties agreed this important common ground holds much promise for the development of joint projects between faculties in the two universities. Discussion lists were discussed as important tools for facilitating communication between faculty both within Africa and between the West African institutions and the United States institutions.
MSU/H-Net also pledged to provide the local WARC committee with a solution to their problem of accessing scholarly journals. Currently, a project is underway between MSU/H-Net and WARC to offer online publication and archiving of key West African resea rch journals, thus greatly increasing access to these resources.
By all accounts, the MSU delegation's 1998 trip to West Africa was extremely successful. The delegation's primary goals were met or exceeded in each of the three West African countries. Project participants were also able to forge new ground for furthe r cooperative endeavors with many of the key humanities and social science organizations in West Africa. In addition to specific partnerships and collaborative endeavors with NGOs, government offices and universities in the individual countries, several f ormal partnership agreements were signed as a result of this visit. A number of joint grant proposals either have been, or are being submitted thanks to common interests and goals elaborated in the course of this trip. Follow-up with 1997 workshop partici pants, as well as meetings with recruits for the upcoming workshop, were also fundamental to preparations for the 1998 training sessions.
4. Workshop II (Summer 1998)
The second Internet Connectivity Project workshop was held in July 1998, from July 3 to July 24. Twelve participants came from West Africa, including four from Cote d'Ivoire, four from Ghana, and four from Senegal. (For a complete list of participant n ames and brief bios please see Appendix 2.) Workshop II was also held in conjunction with the first Southern African workshop entitled, "Building Scholarly Networks in Southern Africa: Solving Problems of Communication through the Internet" (USIA, E/P-98- 2). The Southern African workshop included thirteen participants.
The content and goals of Workshop II were similar to Workshop I, although the duration of the sessions was reduced from three to two weeks and the applicants included a greater number of academics, professionals and government officials than in the fir st session (which was predominantly librarians and archivists). The second workshop also focused more heavily on allowing participants to take full advantage of hands-on experiences with more time allotted for computer work. Training sessions focused on b uilding and designing web sites for teaching and research purposes. Special classes were designed to explore ways e-mail discussion networks and web-based resources can be used to connect researchers, facilitate scholarly communication, and enhance classr oom experiences.
Roundtables and case studies, presented by representatives from each of the West African countries, were a much more central part of Workshop II than they were in Workshop I. These discussion sessions brought together issues of connectivity, civic edu cation, property rights and specific experiences of each of the countries involved. Some of the discussion topics and guest speaker presentations included:
1. Workshop I and II: Evaluation
The Internet Connectivity Project workshops were evaluated on three different levels:
While Workshop I had primarily involved library technicians and staff, Workshop II included a wider range of participants. While the involvement and training of library technicians and staff is certainly important, feedback from workshop participants u nderscored that unless administrators and supervisors in key decision-making positions are involved at the ground level, IT connectivity remains limited. Project staff then shifted their emphasis toward developing "country teams" of professionals who woul d play a key role in Internet connectivity decision-making and implementation in their home countries. Recruitment shifted to center on government officials, professionals in NGOs, heads of university departments and centers related to computing and techn ology. The goal of this change in participant profile over the 1997-1998 term was intended to raise awareness among decision-makers and faculty about the enormous potential the Internet holds for improving higher education, democratic organizing and devel opment generalizing. The wealth of long-term collaborative projects that have developed from these workshops indicates success.
The experiences of the first workshop also allowed project coordinators to better balance training activities and seminar discussions in the second workshop. Reducing the length of the workshop helped staff provide intensive training without exhausting or overloading the workshop participants. A greater 'hands-on' approach to Internet and computer instruction was emphasized. Additional computer laboratories, monitored by H-Net staff were made available to participants both during the day, and evening h ours. This gave workshop participants the chance to review their morning lesson, and to apply their newly acquired skills to their own research projects. The second workshop also provided increased numbers of opportunities for each participant to make a p resentation about the state of connectivity in their home country and within their own working environment. Combined with active feedback and time for discussion, these presentations facilitated exchanges among workshop participants, as well as between th e participants and MSU/H-Net hosts.
Results
One of the most encouraging results of these Internet Connectivity
Workshops was the creation of these "country teams." By bringing together
participants working in a range of fields within each country, and
allowing them to exchange information an d interact with one another the
possibilities for implementing these ideas and following through on
projects within West Africa increased many fold. Participant feedback
indicated that interactions between professionals and academics within
their own coun tries was especially valuable.
Likewise, participants were able to meet with fellow academics, librarians, professionals, and government officials from other neighboring countries to compare challenges and devise cooperative solutions. Given the poor level of communication between A frican countries, this opportunity was very significant. Workshop participants had the opportunity to learn through their fellow African participants about the levels of connectivity in other African countries. Such interaction and information sharing amo ng African participants was even more dynamic during Workshop II when the West African and Southern African groups were combined.
As a result of Workshop I, an electronic mailing list (AFR-LINK) was set-up to engage the workshop participants, workshop organizers and presenters in active exchange about the successes and limitations of the sessions. AFR-LINK was also intended as a forum where participants from the first workshop could continue their discussions online and engage in dialogue with new participants in the 1998 workshop. AFR-LINK further provided an important follow-up component to the workshops and has played a major role in keeping workshop participants talking to each other, and laid ground for future collaborative projects.
Multiplier Effect and Future Plans
As stated in our original proposal, the benefits of this program can be
best assessed by the multiplier effects of these workshops on academic
communities and other members of the intelligentsia within the three West
African countries, Americans wi th professional interests in Africa, and
on the structures of higher education and research in West Africa. By all
these measures, these Internet Connectivity Workshops have been a huge
success. What began as a series of workshops, has grown into a large-
scale African Internet Connectivity Endeavor and a range of collaborative
projects between MSU/H-Net and various West African NGOs, universities,
and professional organizations. These include:
Creation of H-West-Africa
AFR-LINK was soon so successful and attracted so many active participants
that it has grown into a much larger discussion network called
H-West-Africa. Launched in November 1998, H-West-Africa publishes
bilingually, in French and English. Editors make appropriate brief
summaries of information published in other languages. A member of the
H-Net family of discussion networks, H-West-Africa is sponsored by the
MSU's African Studies Center, WARA, and WARC and is overseen by an
international board of schol ars.
H-West-Africa is dedicated to enhancing research, service and teaching in the field of West African studies and within West Africa. Discussions cover a range of interests including history, culture, science and development. The network aims to bring to gether scholars, students, professionals, intellectuals, and others throughout the world for purposes of discussion, exchange of information, dissemination of research, and sharing of data about teaching and learning. H-West-Africa also aims to play a sig nificant role in disseminating information about establishing Internet connectivity systems in West Africa which permit e-mail and Internet access to more and more participants, with higher quality and lower cost.
All of the workshop participants from the 1997 and 1998 workshops are currently affiliated with H-West-Africa, and many participate in discussions on a regular basis. Ibrahima Thioub, a workshop participant from the 1998 session, currently edits the li st. As of April 1999, the list has nearly 200 subscribers.
Collaborative Research Agreements
Thanks both to the workshops and related meetings between the MSU/H-Net
delegation and organizations in West Africa, MSU and H-Net are in the
process of establishing a formal collaborative research agreement with
Codesria, the Council for the Developme nt of Social Science Research in
Africa. The aim of this agreement is to build a mutual, active, and
enduring cooperation between the two institutions. In addition to
providing a formalized framework for a range of cooperative endeavors
between MSU/H-Net and Codesria, we hope this agreement will provide a
model for additional formal arrangements between MSU/H-Net and other
African organizations.
At the first stage of this collaboration, MSU and Codesria agree to partner on the development of an Internet presence for Codesria to facilitate communication among researchers in Africa and around the globe. This will involve creation of a homepage f or Codesria and mirroring of this web site on H-Net's servers at MSU to facilitate fast worldwide access. MSU and Codesria will also work together to develop an online version of Codesria's publications, and to create electronic discussion lists to furthe r develop thematic research networks and encourage discussion and exchange of views among African researchers that cuts across linguistic and regional boundaries. Internet training and staff development for Codesria, with advanced Internet training sessio ns conducted both in Senegal and at MSU, as well as development of joint funding proposals are also key aspects of the agreement.
Codesria and MSU are also discussing ways to pursue more advanced and specialized training and support for Codesria staff, particularly in the use of the Internet for educational purposes and the development of internship programs and student exchanges between the two institutions. Possible online publication of the Codesria bulletin, Kibanu, and development of educational outreach programs through exhibits, publications, and online distribution of research are also being discussed.
Partnerships with West African Workshop Participants
Another strong measure of the multiplier effect of this program is the
large number of cooperative projects and grant proposals MSU/H-Net are
currently undertaking with several workshop participants. Some key
examples include:
Information Technology Hardware
MSU is fulfilling its commitment to the development of connectivity in
West Africa. MSU just purchased an IT package for the West African
Research Center (Dakar, Senegal) which includes a server and five
workstations, as well as radio-transmission equ ipment. This equipment is
ready to be shipped to Senegal and will be installed by H-Net’s Systems
Analyst. The server will host WARC’s website and allow email and web
access to American and African researchers, faculty and students working
in West Africa. This equipment will be available for future in-country
training workshops. It is hoped that in the future, WARC will be able to
organize training workshops similar to those organized by H-Net.
Appendix 1: Internet Workshop Participants (Workshop I - Summer 1997)
Côte d’Ivoire
Niamkey, Jacques Adom has been the head of the Department of Biochemistry
at the National University since December of 1995. He was recently named
Director of the Office for Scientific and Technical Cooperation at the
Ministry of Higher Educatio n. Mr Adom earned a postgraduate diploma in
biochemistry at the University of Paris XI in 1990.
Kouapa Assala is a deputy chief librarian of the library of CIRES (Centre Ivoirien de Recherches Economiques et Sociales), University de Cocody. Mr. Kouapa manages the circulation, processing and computerizing division of CIRES. He graduated fr om the École des Bibliothécaires, Archivistes et Documentatlistes (EBAD, Université Cheikh Anta Diop or UCAD of Dakar, Sénégal) in 1980.
Ghana
Angelina Lili Armah is principal library assistant at the Balme library, University of Legon, in charge of the CD-ROM and document delivery services. She is also involved in the training of graduate students and other users of the CD-ROM. Ms A rmah earned a postgraduate diploma in library studies in 1996. She got her first degree in librarianship at the University of Legon in 1987.
John Edu Korsah is an assistant librarian at the University of Cape Coast. He earned a graduate diploma in Library Studies in 1991 and a certificate in Archives Administration in 1986 at the University of Legon.
Gifty Hanon is lectuerat the Department of Library and Archival Studies (DLAS), Univiersity of Legon, Ghana. Ms Hanson earned a Mphil in Library Studies in Legon in 1994. Ms Hanson also has a background on agriculture and education.
Senegal
Awa Ba Cisse is archivist at the National Archives of Senegal. She is in charge of studies and outreach programs and coordinator of the relations between the National Archives and the regional archival centers. Ms Ba earned a degree in archiva l studies from EBAD in 1985.
Awa Diouf Cisse is the librarian in charge of defining and implementing the documentary policy of the faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at the University Gaston Berger in Saint-Louis. Ms. Diouf graduated from EBAD in 1988.
Jean Pierre Benoit Idrissa Diouf is Deputy Librarian at the Documentation and Information Center of CODESRIA (Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa). Mr. Diouf graduated from EBAD in 1986 and since then has attended many workshop and training sessions on connectivity.
Olivier Sagna is Associate Professor and Head of the Department of Documentation of EBAD, University Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD). Mr. Sagna earned a Diplôme Supérieur en Sciences de l'Information et de la Documentation at INTD/CINAM Pa ris and a a doctorate in history from the University Paris XII in 1986. Mr Sagna was responsible of the project "Enseignement de l'information documentaire" funded by UNESCO and other agencies from 1990 to 1994.
Waly Ndiaye is manager of new technology, administrator of a web server, in charge of RTC connections, and the training of trainers at the Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement en Langue Française (AUPELF) . Mr. Ndiaye earned a Diplôme Supérieur en Sciences de la Communication and an MA in sociology.
South Africa
Manikam Moodley is a university librarian at the University of Durban Westville in Durban. Mr. Moodley earned Master's degrees in History, Library Science and Education.
Appendix 2: Internet Workshop Participants (Workshop II - Summer 1998)
Côte d’Ivoire
Claire Konate, Head of the Information Service, Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Technology Innovation. Albert Adjo Dadie, Information Specialist, Ministry of Higher Education and Research, and Technology Innovation.
Aissata Toure-Bourgoin, Director of the Documentation Center, Université d’Abobo- Adjamé.
Kouakou Kouadio, Head of Computing and Information Services, Université de Bouaké.
Ghana
Harry Akussah, Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Library and Archival Studies, University of Ghana-Legon.
Amos Anyimadu, Lecturer, Political Science, University of Ghana-Legon.
Joseph Budu, Deputy Registrar of Planning, University of Ghana-Legon.
Yaa Osei-Brimpong, Director, Ministry of Communications
Senegal
Fatimata Ba, Technical Advisor, Ministry of Education
Gora Dia, Head of the Documentation Service, Institut Fondamental d’Afrique Noire (IFAN)
Madiama Mbaye, Program Assistant and Network Specialist, West African Research Center
Ibrahima Thioub, Professor of History, Université Cheikh Anta Diop.
Appendix 3: Program of the Internet Training Sessions (Workshop II)
Laboratory Sessions
Introduction to the Internet and overview of Internet tools
Electronic Mail
Electronic mailing lists
Introduction to the World Wide Web
Searching the Internet
Using File Transfer Protocol, uploading and downloading useful software programs and files from the Internet
Teaching with the World Wide Web
Creating a web page
Text and graphics for Web Pages
Multimedia on the WWW
Special sessions
Demonstration of online cataloguing
Tour of CD-ROM resources of MSU library
Tour of MSU computer lab
Television Demonstration of Distance Education technology and presentation of MSU Instructional Television.
Integration of computer technology in the class room
Library use of the WWW
Tour of MSU special collections
Use of flatbed scanner to prepare text and graphics for web pages.
Creating images for the WWW
Roundtable discussions
The impact of the Internet on today's University
Legal issues on the Internet
African Studies in the US
WARA/WARC and the follow up of the workshop
Appendix 4: The Program of the American Studies Seminar
Lectures
Trade in three dimensions. Pero Dagbovie, history doctorate candidate at MSU.
Ecology and economic growth. Mike Kennedy, MSU instructor in economic history.
The colonial society.
The constitution and capitalism.
Government and capitalism: corporations.
Technology and innovation. Ken Boyer, MSU professor.
Migration and labor.
Reform and capitalism. Walter Adams, MSU Distinguished Professor of Economics.
Workers: organized labor. Lisa Fine, MSU professor.
The reality of the factory system.
Problems of capitalism in the late industrial era
Excursions
Trip to Michigan Library and Historical Center and the State archives at Lansing
Trip to Greenfield village and the Henry Ford Museum
Trip to an auto parts assembling line of an Oldsmobile plant in Lansing
Appendix 5: Program of the Washington D.C. Week
Roundtable Discussions
US constitution
Multicultural politics
African leadership
Democratization and technology
Visit to Collections
The Smithsonian Institution
African Art Museum, Smithsonian
National Archives
Moorland Spingarn Library, Howard University
Library of Congress
Academy for Educational Development
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